United States Colored Troops in the Civil War

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The United States Colored Troops (USCT) played a critical role in the Union victory during the Civil War. The U.S. War Department created the Bureau of Colored Troops on May 22, 1863, and by war's end nearly 180,000 men served in 175 regiments of USCT, 6 percent of all men in Union uniforms. After the war, veteran soldiers became teachers, preachers, land-owning farmers, and businessmen, creating new communities of free men and women.

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